RUSH Money atau HIJRAH Money: Tinjauan Ekonomi Islam

oleh: ca' maul

Pasca aksi 411 marak beredar isu di social media terkait Rush Money. Beberapa diantaranya sangat provokatif dengan menampilkan foto antrian panjang dibank, tumpukan uang yang (katanya) baru saja diambil, atau penghancuran instrument pembayaran bank baik berbentuk kartu atau buku tabungan. Semua itu susah untuk dikonformasi kebenarannya karena tergantung waktu dan tempat pengambilannya. Namun isu ini sangat menarik, karena banyak orang yang mulai aware terhadap system perbakan yang selama ini ia mempercayakan uangnya disana. Dalam tulisan kali ini saya ingin sedikit berbagi ringkasan hasil kajian tentang tema ini secara ilmiah.

Secara definisi RUSH Money adalah penarikan dana tabungan secara besara-besaran dalam waktu yang bersamaan.  Jadi dana yang bisa ditarik hanya dana tabungan, bukan deposito atau yang lainnya. Di Indonesia Rush money pernah terjadi 2 kali yaitu tahun 1998 dengan skala nasional dan tahun 2010 terkhusus hanya pada bank century. Sejarah mencatat rush money dikuti oleh kebijakan bail out oleh Bank Indonesia dan Inflasi (Kenaikan Harga). Dampaknya bila merujuk pada pendapat pemerintah ada 3 yaitu dampak social politik (ketidakpercayaan masyarakat pada perbankan dan pemerintah) dan dampak ekonomi (Inflasi).Namun sebenarnya bagaimana Rush Money dapat berdampak secara nasional?

Penggandaan Uang, Dimas Kanjeng dan Perbankan

oleh: admin

Alasan awal menyeruaknya kasus dimas kanjeng adanya dugaan pembunuhan kepada salah satu pengikutnya. Namun media dengan kemampuan jurnalisnya melihat ada sudut pandang lain yang lebih menarik untuk dibahas, yaitu isu penggandaan uang yang mengusik rasionalitas masyarakat. Setali tiga uang dengan kasus Aa Gatot sebelumnya berita inipun viral dimedia sosial dengan tema padepokan sesat yang dianggap tempat pengajian yang menipu jamaahnya dengan tujuan keuntungan materi bagi pemiliknya.

Alasan utama padepokan tersebut dikatakan sesat adalah karena isu penggandaan uang yang dianggap tidak rasional. Bahkan media tak segan-segan menuduh ada pemalsuan uang yang dilakukan dimas kanjeng, sebagai alasan rasional dari penggandaan uang. Beberapa asumsi alat sulappun ditampilkan sebagai bukti empirik pertunjukan sulap dari sang kanjeng. Namun yang menarik, penggandaan uang yang tidak rasional ini sebenarnya sudah lumrah terjadi dalam praktek masyarakat modern, dan bahkan dianggap rasional bahkan keren karena ia memiliki nama yang keren dan modern yaitu perbankan khususnya perbankan berbasis bunga.

REVIEW 40 REFERENSI: Manajemen Pengawasan dalam Islam

Oleh : M. Maulana Hamzah dan Yudi Yudiana

1. Hafidhuddin, Didin and Tanjung, Hendri, 2006. Shariah Principles on Management in Practice, Gema Insani, Jakarta.

Berdasarkan sudut pandang Islam, pegawasan dibuat untuk mengklarifikasi dan mengkoreksi apa yang belum tersusun, memperbaiki kesalahan dan menaruhnya ditempat yang tepat. Dalam syariah pengawasan itu terbagi 2 yaitu: pengawasan diri self control dalam bentuk taqwa. (takut kepada Allah) dan dari internal dalam bentuk sistem yang diterapkan secara terpadu.

Bentuk pengawasan yang baik tentu tak lepas dari landasan koreksi yang tepat dalam Islam, landasan itu ada 3 yaitu:

1. Tawa saubil haqqi (saling menasehati dalam kebenaran)

2. Tawa saubis shabri (saling menasehati dalam kesabaran)

3. Tawa saubil marhamah (saling menasehati dalam kasih sayang)

Pengawasan yang baik idealnya harus sudah dibangun dari perencanaan program. Dalam buku ini juga dijelaskan bahwa pengawasan yang baik tak bisa terlepas dari konsep reward dan punishment. Sedangkan pengawasan langsung perbanakan terhadap nasabah pembiayaan dapat dilakukan selama tujuannya untuk meningkatkan keuntungan bagi kedua belah pihak. Dan untuk menghadapi berbagai kendala dalam penerapan pengawasan syariah diperlukanlah kejujuran dan karakter yang baik yang harus ada dalam maindset setiap unsur organisasi yang idealnya dapat dimulai dari teladan para manajer.

LEADERSHIP

 Hendri Wijaya 

Graduate Program of Management and Business – Bogor Agricultural Institute (MB-IPB) Master of Sharia Management EK 18

A. INTRODUCTION 

Leadership has been described as a process of social influence in which one person can enlist the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a common task. Good leaders are made not born. If you have the desire and willpower, you can become an effective leader. Good leaders develop through a never ending process of self-study, education, training, and experience. This guide will help us through that process. Leaders carry out this process by applying their leadership knowledge and skills. While leadership is learned, the skills and knowledge processed by the leader can be influenced by his or hers attributes or traits, such as beliefs, values, ethics, and character. 

Knowledge and skills contribute directly to the process of leadership, while the other positive, productive, administrative attributes give the leader certain characteristics that make him or her unique. Leadership concept in Islam is very simple and every single person in different levels of responsibilities automatically takes a role of leadership. Leadership role of a Muslim starts as a head of himselves, head o the family, head of a community, head of any given department and of course finally as a head of the community nationally and internationally. In all such leadership, a Muslim whether a leader or a follower primarily abides by the text of Qur‟an followed by the practice of Prophet Mohammad.

See the complete article here

CONTROLLING

 

Yudi Yudiana and M. Maulana Hamzah

Post Graduate Program of Management and business – Bogor Agricultural University (MB – IPB), Master Sharia of Mangement – EK18

Abstraction

Management practitioners can learn the concept of controlling from divine messages. The basis for control is the same irrespective of the type of control, i.e., internal or external, business and personal control, social or non social control. In this paper an effort has been taken to show the fundamental divine views with regard to management function controlling. Distinctions have been presented between controlling through Islamic perception and it’s example from Islamic history. This paper will show the ways to think about divine views as well control model practiced by leaders of the golden era of Islam.

Keyword: Controlling, management, Islamic, business

A. Background

Management control system (MCS) is a process which assures managers that the organization is carry on its objectives and strategies efficiently and effectively. It ensures the managers or the decision makers in an organization to achieve the organizational goals and objectives. In addition, one important function of MCS is to be used as a management tool to implement the organization’s strategy.

PLANNING

Graha Agung Brahmana and Rahmat Budiman
Graduate Program of Management and Business – Bogor Agricultural University (MB-IPB), Master Sharia of Management - EK18

A. BACKGROUND

Planning is the first function of management (before organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling) and it is needed at every level of management. Most competent managers believe that planning is the most critical and important function and it has the most significant role in leading them to success. Planning is the process of assessing an organisation’s goals and creating plan of action for meeting those goals. Those two underlined phrases can clearly explain why planning is so critical and important. In the absence of planning, all the business activities of the organisation will become meaningless, and that’s why Benjamin Franklin said, “If you fail to plan, you are planning to fail”.

Discussion about planning (or management functions as a whole) can not be freely separated from discussion about people and their behaviour. Therefore, it also involves values of belief and faith. And of course, as Moslems, we should know what is planning in Islam’s perspectives and how can we involve the Islamic values in our planning.

GLOBALIZATION AND ISLAM

Presented by Desy Ery K & Nurul Shiyam Aprila

Syariah Management Magister Program – EK 18

Abstraction

Globalization is a dynamic process which impacts differentially on various cultures around the world. It permeates cultural boundaries and in the process results in the spread of western ideologies and values across the world. This article strongly argues that globalization poses a challenge to Islamic cultural identity due to several reasons: (a) globalization promotes media to propagate the hegemony of Western culture, (b) it regenerates local culture to replace it with the American is secular one, and (c) it challenges the collective Islamic ways of life, values, behavioral patterns, and principles. However, scholars have argued that globalization promotes cultural integration by removing cultural barriers and stimulating a healthy cultural exchange. Such arguments have encouraged American cultural hegemony globally. Conversely, as a result of cultural exchange, the dominant American culture is being manipulated in the Muslim world, replacing Islamic culture. Thus, Islamic culture is being seriously challenged by globalization. Therefore, Muslims around the world require awareness of the dreadful consequences of cultural globalization, and the strength to retain the absolute Islamic cultural trait prescribed by God.

Keywords: Globalization, Islam, Rasulullah, Bussiness

Background

Humans have interacted over long distances for thousands of years. The overland Silk Road that connected Asia, Africa, and Europe is a good example of the transformative power of trans local exchange that existed in the "Old World". Philosophy, religion, language, the arts, and other aspects of culture spread and mixed as nations exchanged products and ideas. In the 15th and 16th centuries, Europeans made important discoveries in their exploration of the oceans, including the start of transatlantic travel to the "New World" of the Americas. Global movement of people, goods, and ideas expanded significantly in the following centuries. Early in the 19th century, the development of new forms of transportation (such as the steamship and railroads) and telecommunications that "compressed" time and space allowed for increasingly rapid rates of global interchange. In the 20th century, road vehicles, intermodal transport, and airlines made transportation even faster. The advent of electronic communications, most notably mobile phones and the Internet, connected billions of people in new ways by the year 2010.

Article Resume : The Failure of Economic Theories

Chapter          : The Failure of Economic Theories

Writer             : Hendri Tanjung,

Posted on        : The Jakarta Post on Wed, February 04 2009

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Resumed by M. Maulana Hamzah

The fundamental reason for the failure of economic theory is an assumption that people are purely selfish. In conventional theory it calls as economic man. But, in fact people actually do care about fairness and they do behave in reciprocal way. It is proved by the rejected of ultimatum game where the hypothesis predict most people accept the low offers than zero. This game also proved that both proposer and responder care about justice in transaction.  

The failure of this assumption can be seen from global crisis in 2008. The crisis began from an idea that housing investment was safe investment, high return and improbable to collapse. This idea leads people to buy many houses and led the broker to build more. This affected a very big need of loans. Then banks as the financial institution give more lending without calculated the underlying assets. In the end, bubble of housing supply made the price fall down. And expected return from investment is minus. And it causes loss domino’s effect even from consumers, brokers, banks and investors.

Another reason or this failure is having a wrong model of the world economy. Actually, one of the mistakes in Western theory is that it narrowly focuses on the observers to the exclusion of everything else. It seems the economic model as social science has emerged from imitating physical science. Both are have different objects. From this point we may say the theory and the economist have the same character, it was selfish. It is also caused many kinds of selfish behavior, like corruption, manipulation and collusion.

And the last reason is taking too much trust to mathematical approach to predict economic theory. Mathematic is an exact science meanwhile economic is originally comes from social science. So it can’t be predicted exactly only by mathematic. Because every country has their own value and habit. There is a sense of humanity that was forgotten to be calculated, such as charity and social needs.

In the end this article suggest the scholars especially who focused in study of economy to build new economic theories based on generosity.